Mesut ÇINAR, Utku ÖZTÜRK, Sahand ASHRAFIAN, Öznur SANATSEVER, IbrahimÖKMEN, Pelda GEZER, ismail YÖRDENİkLI, Oguz ALTUN, Özkan TURHAN Design Center, TLS Technology Systems, Istanbul, TurkeyE-mail: arge@tdelektronik.com ÖZET
Today, when energy saving and renewable energy sources become very important, the technical characteristics of energy consumption devices need to be set to a certain standard and evaluated correctly.
In this context, with the aim of saving energy, which is used quite widely today,
It has become a necessity to examine, agree on technical values and evaluate technical values, which are solid state lighting products aimed at replacing Fluorescent and compact flöresan (CFL) lamps that enter consumers' homes.
In this report, 10 randomly selected LED bulbs on the market shelves were tested, examined and performance values were reported with comments without giving brands.
- Input
LED bulbs have also become an important item for energy efficiency by breathing new life into the lighting area by exceeding the efficiency and reliability limits of conventional methods in obtaining light with electricity.
Today, LED bulbs are in a very important position due to their above properties and still openness to development in terms of reducing energy and environmental CO2 emissions, especially household consumers. In the coming years, with lower costs and increased efficiency, products such as compact flöresan lamps (CFL) will be wiped off the market and LED bulbs will become the only source. Therefore, such important products should be located on the market shelves within the framework of strict regulations.
In this article, light bulbs belonging to 10 different manufacturers already sold in large grocery chains in the domestic market have been tested and reported and it is aimed to make it easier for consumers to understand the product performance on the shelves.
- Standards for LED Bulbs
Like other sectors, there are many standards that examine the reliability, quality and performance of LED-based lighting sources. Most of these standards are standards established by the work of manufacturers, test laboratories and international organizations. The most important standards of these are undoubtedly the standard of safety and performance. The codes and definitions of these standards are as follows;
- TS EN 62612: Performance Standard for LED Bulbs
- TS EN 62560: Safety standard for LED bulbs
- TS EN 62471 : Photobiological Safety Standard
Tests are carried out and reported according to CE and low voltage regulation (LVD) in TS EN62560/AC, which is the standard that all lamps with input voltages of 50V and above must meet. Within the scope of this test, UV radiation that will threaten our eye health is also measured and it is reported whether it is within the limit values. LED light bulbs must meet the TS EN 62471 standard in order to pass the TSE EN 62560/AC test. With the safety test, most of the technical criteria related to the LED bulb are included in the scope of the test. Lamps imported into our country are also inspected primarily at customs and then by the Market Surveillance Control Department. These audits are extremely critical and important on behalf of our country, on behalf of the public.
However, when importing LED bulbs, the relevant organizations in our country only apply IEC 62560 safety tests and do not implement the performance standard IEC 62612. Instead, energystar classification, whose consistency should be questioned, is sufficient, but this classification only creates a scale based on light flux and power values, and while this scale does not show other performance characteristics, it is incomplete for LED technology, since due to the high efficiency of LED technology, all related products have an 80+ efficiency factor and are classified as either A+ or A++.
It is prepared by standard IES, which explains how the light color characteristics of LED lighting products included in the performance standard should be measured, and its name is LM-79-08, but in order to carry out the tests specified in the standard, very serious device costs such as gonophotometers and integrated spheres are required and investments are required accordingly. These tests are not carried out in the relevant organizations and are classified according to the declaration value. Unfortunately, the home user and even many SME companies do not have the situation of controlling the quality and compliance of these products with the standard. Therefore, testing, reporting and public interest consideration of the performance of LED bulbs is extremely urgent and important.
- Product Comparisons
TS EN 62612 is a standard that determines the performance rhythms of LED bulbs under 5 main headings. Within the framework of this standard, acceptable tolerance values of data such as power consumption, light flux, color temperature (CCT) and color return index (CRI) values, product dimensions, product life (light flux continuity, driver durability) are specified. Measurement tolerances that should be according to declaration values are as follows;
TSE EN 62612 Acceptance Criterion | |
Power Consumption | %15 |
Light Flux | %10 |
CCT | 4 Mac Man (+/- 100K) |
CRI | +/- 5 |
Lumen Continuity | Category A – E, 6000 Hours |
Driver Durability | On-Off Test, Heat Cycle Test |
Today, even if organizations such as TSE, Ministry of Customs and PGD (Market Supervision and Supervision) take positive steps in terms of performance testing, the performance assessments contained in the TS EN 62612 standard are not fully implemented.
Below is a technical review of products from 10 different manufacturers within the framework of IEC 62612. When examined in detail, these products;
- 80% comply with Power Consumption tolerance
- 90% of them meet the light flux tolerance.
- 100% of them meet cri tolerance.
- 80% of them meet the CCT tolerance.
- It has been observed that 80% of them have limited information with lumen continuity.
- 100% do not have information that performance testing has been performed.
- 100% do not have On-Off information.
- Conclusion and Evaluation
The results show that; at least 20% of the products on the market shelves do not meet the standards in terms of perfomans. For such a product, which is consumed so much and will be consumed more in the future, 20% is a very high rate. Therefore, the values declared on the box must be checked according to the global performance standard and other performance criteria such as life, durability and maximum temperature contained in the performance standard should also be included in the scope.
References
- Energy Savings Potential of Solid-State Lighting in General Illumination Applications, https://www.energy.gov/sites/prod/files/2014/04/f14/ssl_energy-savings-report_jan-2012.pdf , 2012
- Lim SR Kang D, Ogunseitan OA, Schoenung JM. Potential environmental impacts from the metals in incandescent, compact fluorescent lamp (CFL), and light-emitting diode (LED) bulbs. Environ Sci Technol 2012;47(2):1040-7.
- Turkish Standards Institute. (2019). Self-ballast LED lamps with a feed voltage above 50 V for general lighting – Performance requirements. (TS EN 62612/A2). https://intweb.tse.org.tr/Standard/Standard/StandardAra.aspx
- Turkish Standards Institute. (2019). Lamps – Self-ballast LED lamps – Safety features used in general lighting with a voltage greater than 50 V. (TS EN 62560/A11). https://intweb.tse.org.tr/Standard/Standard/StandardAra.aspx